Cognition refers to information-processing functions carried out by the brain that include, attention, memory, executive functions (i.e., planning, problem solving, self-monitoring, self-awareness), comprehension and formation of speech, calculation ability, visual perception, and Praxis skills. Damage to any part of the brain can cause cognitive disorders. Cognitive disorders used to be called as “Organic mental syndrome” or “Organic mental disorder”. Cognitive dysfunction or impairment can be defined as functioning below the expected normative level or loss of ability in any area of cognitive functions.

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