Pain, pathology or adaptive changes in the Musculoskeletal system result in compensations or adaptations that lead to systemic and predictable patterns of muscle imbalance. This results in chronic pain and disability. “Painful syndromes results from deviations of normal posture in a static spine and painful syndromes also results from deviations of normal functions in kinetic spine”.

 Vladimir Janda was one of the most influential physical medicine physicians in the world in the late 20th century. A pioneer in the field of "low tech" rehabilitation, he honed his skills in communist Czechoslovakia. While western physicians were producing "human wreckage" (Waddell, G. 1992), with surgical techniques for the lumbar spine,  Janda consistently produced outstanding results in rehabilitating the same types of cases using wobble boards, sticks, exercise balls and most importantly, his hands. One of the more basic (but essential) Janda concepts is the Lower Cross Syndrome.  In lower-Crossed syndrome, the pattern of muscle imbalances often leads to changes in movement patterns with hip extension, hip abduction and trunk flexion.

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