Prologue: The development of bipedal plantigrade progression is a purely human accomplishment. We share two-legged locomotion with some flightless birds, such as the ostrich, and an arched plantigrade foot with the bear. I sometimes think that we have also retained other characteristics of these animals, namely our ability to bury our heads in the sand and, too often, to act in a "bearish" manner toward our fellow men. However, the orthograde position is exclusively human and permits us, literally, to view the world in an upright manner, although not always acting in an upright way. Perhaps I should apologize for these asides, but I do wish to emphasize the unique character of human locomotion within the animal kingdom. It is this bipedal orthograde position primarily responsible for the mechanical Low back pain in humans.

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